Apparatus for forming hollow articles from plastic material



Jan. 28, 1941. E T FERNGREN 2,230,190

vAPPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOWv ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed Aug. 10, 1958 15 Sheets-#Sheet 1 E INVENTQR n0 TF9 22 few Jan. 28, 1941. Y Ef'rl. FERNGREN -2Q230190 APPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTCLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed Aug. 1o, 193s Y f 15 sheets-sheet 2 I INVENTOR Jan. 28, 1941. E. T. FERNGREN 2,230,190

APPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL vPPARATUS FOR FORMINGrl HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC IVIA'JERIAI.:

Filed Aug. 1o, 1958 15 sheets-sheet 4 Magnin? Eocze' en Jan.v 28, 1941. y I E, T, FERNGREN 2,230,190

APPARATUS FOR FORMING ,HLLOW ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL .l Filed Aug. 10, 1938 l5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jan; 28, 1941. Y E, T, FERN( -RlErlxJV Y 2,230,190

APPARATUS FOR FoRMING HoLLow ARTICLES FROM "PLASTIC MATERIAL Hmmm l.|

7T INVENTOF( @0f l e/gezz Jan. 28, 1941. E. T. FERNGRN 2,230,190

APPARATUS FOR FORMINGHOLLOW ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed Aug. 1o, leasesV 15 sheets-#sheet 7 F1350? Fim/' F mvENToR 67 kan? 2752732979@ Jan. 278, 1941. E 1 FERNGREN 2,230,190

APPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM.. PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed Aug. 10, 1938 15 Sheets-Sheet 8 Kaff/4 "133 207 E. T. FERNGREN Jmzs, 1941.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed Aug. 10, 1938 15 Sheets-Sheet 9 m@ N um Nwx km, \,Q\ A mm., aux

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APPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed Aug. 10, 1938 15 Sheets-Sheet 10 Wee 'reza MLV/wwf 550 W2@ @AZ/ Jan. 28, 1941. E. T. FERNGREN APPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed Aug. 10, 1938 15 Sheets-Sheet l1 Jan. 28, 1941.

E. T. FERNGREN 2,230,190

APPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed Aug. l0, 1938 15 Sheets-Sheet 12 Jan. 2s, 1941. E, T. FENGREN 2,230,190

APPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM `PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed Aug. l0, 1938 15 Sheets-Sheet 13 Jan- 28, 1941- E. T. FERNGREN 2,230,190

AFPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Jan. 28, 1941,' E, T, FERNGR'EN 2,230,190

APPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed Aug. 10, 1938 l5 Sheets-Sheet 15 Y I NVE NTOFI Z'eaffiz refe Patented Jan. 28, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE APPARATUS FOB FOBMING HOLLOW ARTI- CLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Application Alllllst 10, 1938, Serial N0. 224,001

26 Claims.

The present invention relates to apparatus for forming hollow articles from plastic material and more particularly to apparatus for carrying out the process disclosed and claimed in applicants copending application, Serial No. 658,486, illed Feb, 25, 1933, now Patent No. 2,128,239 granted Aug. 30, 1938, of which the present application is a continuation in part.

In said patent there is disclosed a process of l0 forming articles from organic plastic material, such as cellulose acetate compounds, by extrusion and blowing, the application illustrating diagrammatically a nozzle through which organic plastic material may be extruded in hollow tu- 15 bular form and a mold which is made inA several parts, as specifically hereinafter set forth. The leading end of the hollow tubular body of plastic material is closed, preferably before the remainder of the material to form an article is extruded from the nozzle, this closing being effected either by introducing the nozzle downwardly into the mold to bring its lower end to a position adjacent to the bottom thereof and then causing the plastic material to mushroom out against the mold u bottom, or by forming the nozzle with its inner tubular member terminating short of the lower end of its outer tubular member and applying vacuum through the interior of the inner tubular member to assist the plastic material in owing together adjacent to the discharge end of the nozzle. This latter manner of closing the leading end of the hollow body may be made use of at any position of the nozzle in relation to the mold,

3 either partly within the mold or at a position wholly outside the mold. The said copending application also discloses various ways of severing the plastic material used to form an article from that remaining within the extrusion nozzle at the o completion of the formation of the article.

A principal object of the present invention is to provide automatic apparatus for carrying out the process of said patent in a manner which willI be relatively rapid from the point of view of mass s production, yet permit adequate time for the making of each individual article.

Among the more specific objects of the invention are to provide apparatus for forming articles such as bottles from organic plastic material, wherein a plurality of molds are arranged around a rotary carrier and means are provided for forming articles in these molds during the rotation of the carrier, specifically by means moving with each mold or group of molds in succession for a predetermined period of the carrier rotation,

then returning to cooperatewith the next mold or group of molds. It is a specic object of this phase of the invention is to provide a completely automatic machine wherein the mold carrier is continuously rotated and wherein al1 the opera- 5 tions are effected in proper timed relation to the rotation of the carrier and preferably also in response thereto.

A further specic object of the invention is to provide, in an apparatus of the character described, including an oscillating extrusion nozzle cooperable successively with a plurality of molds arranged on a rotatable carrier, for the movement of the nozzle toward and away from the path of each mold during its cooperation therewith and the prevention of such movement during the return oscillatory movement of the nozzle for cooperation with the next succeeding mold.

A further object of the invention is to provide for the ilow of plastic material from a reservoir or other suitable source of supply in a plastic condition to -and through a measuring chamber and thence to and through an extrusion nozzle or nozzles, all in proper synchronized timed relation to the operation of the rest of the apparatus.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in conjunction with an extrusion nozzle arranged to oscillate to move successively with each of a plurality of molds, for uid pressure control means, specically for controlling the flow of pressure, vacuum or atmospheric air to the nozzle during the movement thereof with a mold in forming an article therein and thel cutting oil 'of such pressures during the return or idle movement of the nozzle.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel mold construction and novel arrangements for opening and closing such a mold. Specically this phase of the invention includes mounting a mold on av rotary carrier in such a waythat upon the opening of the mold for the release of an article, such as a bottle formed therein, the article will be disposed in a lower solid cup-like portion of the mold and positioned in such a, way in respect to the carrier that the neck portion of the bottle may be easily accessible to take-out means disposed radially outward of the carrier. This is particularly important in the case (herein disclosed) of a carrier rotated 5p about a horizontal axis and having a number of groups of molds, each of which includes several individual molds.

A further object of the invention is to provide a combined takeout and neck iiniihing apparatus for cooperation with the forming portion of the apparatus and arranged to receive bottles therefrom and to finish the necks of such bottles while they are in transit from the forming machine to a desired delivery point. This is particularly de-l sirable in the forming of bottles from many types of organic plastic materials which are machinable when rigid, as the process of my prior application above referred to sometimes leaves the neck portions of the bottles incompletely nished. The present invention provides a rotary neck nishing or reaming tool to nish these semi-finished neck portions.

Preferably associated with the finishing or reaming tool is a means for supplying a fluid to the interior of a bottle during the finishing thereof. This fluid may be either a gas or a liquid and may be used for chemical or physical treatment of the material of the article, for mechanically blowing or washing o'ut the chips of material cut from the neck portion thereof by the reaming tool or for any other desired purpose.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following specification and appended claims, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a view principally in elevation of substantially the entire forming machine, certain parts being shown in full line in one position and in dotted lines in other positions;

Fig. 2 is a view principally in side elevationas seen from the left; Fig. 1, but with certain parts broken away and in vertical section, showing substantially the entire forming machine;

Fig. 3 is a .view principally in plan, but with some parts broken away and in horizontal section of the whole machine, certain mechanisms being shown in part at the left of the ligure in one position and in part at the right in another A position;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view principally in side elevation but with certain parts in sectionA substantially on the line 6 6 of Fig. 10 showing c er- .tain of the mold operating mechanisms;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view principally in plan and with certain parts broken away and in horizontal section showing the mechanism f Fig. 4:

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail view of certain of the mold operating mechanisms partly in elevation and partly in section, taken substantially on the line 6-6 of Fig. 10;

Figs. 7 and 8 are views somewhat similar to Fig. 6 of certain of the mold operating mechanlsms showing successive different positions in the operation of opening a mold; the mold in Fig. 6 being' show n closed and vin the article forming position; that in Fig. '7, partly open and at an intermediate position, and that in Fig. 8 fully open and at the takeout position as shown in full lines in Figs. 4 and 5;

Fig. 9 is a view in perspective of a sector member for -controlling the Atilting of the body molds;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary detail view of the mold and the operating mechanism therefor, shown in Figs. 4 to 9, the view being taken in side elevation as to the closed mold and certain parts being broken away and shown in section;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view in transverse vertical section taken substantially on the line lI-Ii of Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is afragmentary view partly in plan and partly in horizontal section of one of the line 20-20 of Fig. 19;

neck molds, showing the interior construction thereof:

Fig. 131s a fragmentary detail view as seen from the left in Fig. 1. illustrating the body mold in open or takeout position, the neck mold open and the mouth ring separated therefrom, and certain of the mold operating mechanism:

Figs. 14 and 15 are fragmentary views of the several parts of a mold,A showing the sequential steps in the opening thereof, the views being substantially in side elevation;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary detail view substantially in vertical section on the line IB-l of Fig. 11, showing the means for locking and unlocking and opening and closing the neck mold;

Fig. 1'7 is a view similar to Fig. 16, showing the parts in an intermediate position;

Fig. 18 is a view of the same parts in position such that the neck mold is open;

Fig. 19 is a bottom plan view of a neck mold closing member, shown in Figs. 16 to 18;

Fig. 20 is a view Vin transverse section on the Fig. 21 is a detail view in elevation of a cam and associated means for controlling the vertical movement of the plastic material extrusion chamber and the nozzles associated therewith;

Fig. 22 is an end elevation of the mechanism of Fig. 21 as seen from the right in that figure;

Fig. 23 is a fragmentary detail view principally* in plan and taken substantially on the line 23--23 of Fig. 21;

Fig. 24 is a fragmentary detail view principally in bottom plan and taken substantially on the line 2|-24 of Fig. 21;

Fig. 25 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view principally in elevation and with parts broken away showing the switch member at the left of Fig. 21 and the operation thereof;

Fig. 26 is a fragmentary detail view partly in vertical section and partly in elevation of a ratchet wheel type of switch usable alternatively with the switch means of Figs. 21 to 25;

Fig. 27 is a fragmentary view in side elevation of the ratchet mechanism of Fig. 26;

elevation, showing the means for locking the oscillating nozzle supporting structure to the rotary carrier for movement therewith;

Fig. 29 is a view principally in side elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 28 as seen from theright in that figure;

Figs. 30 and 31 are fragmentary ldetail views substantially in horizontal section and taken on the lines 30-30 and 3|3I respectively of Fig. 29;

Fig. 32 is a fragmentary view principally in front elevation and with certain parts broken away and in vertical section and other related parts shown in dot and dash lines, illustrating the nozzles and certain of the means for handling the plastic material and forcing it therethrough;

Fig. 32a is an extension of an adjacent part of Fig. 32 which is broken off and shown separately in view of space requirements on the sheet;

Fig. 33 is a view principally in plan, but with parts broken away and in horizontal section, of

the mechanism of Fig. 32, illustrating particularly the means for operating the valves controlling v tion on the line section the mechanism of Figs. 32 and 33 as seen from the left in those views;

Fig. 35 is a. fragmentary view in section taken substantially on the line 35--35 of Fig. 34 and illustrating the valve for controlling the flow of plastic material into the measuring chamber;

Figs. 36 'and 36a are views showing in open and clo'sed positions respectively and substantially in horizontal section on the line 36-36 of Fig. 34, a valve for controlling the flow of plastic material from the measuring chamber to a nozzle;

Figs. 37 and 38 are views substantially in front elevation and plan respectively of the means for supplying fluid pressure to the nozzles and also showing the pressure controlling valves;

Fig. 39 is a view of one of the pressure controlling valves and the cam controlling means therefor, the view being substantially in side elevation, but at right angles to the position of the parts shown in Fig. 40 in view of space requirements;

Fig. 40 is a fragmentary View in side elevation showing in full lines one of the pressure controlling valves for the nozzles and the cam controlling means therefor and in dot and dash lines the relationship of other parts of the machine;

Fig. 41 is a bottom plan view of one of the banks of valves for controlling the flow of fluid pressure to and from the nozzles;

Fig 42 is a view of the same valves, substantially in horizontal section on the line 42-42 of Fig. 37;

Fig. 43 is a detail view substantially in vertical section on the line 43-43 of Fig. 38, showing one of `the valves and the operating means therefor;

Fig. 44 is a view substantially in vertical sec-- M of Fig. 38, showing the construction and operation of the valves of this group:

Figs. 45, 46 and 47 are fragmentary views substantially in end elevation showing the operation of the several valves; I

Fig. 48 is a view ln side elevation of the valves controlling the cutting off of pressure to the nozzles during the return or idle oscillatory stroke thereof;

Fig. 49 is a view partly in plan and partly in horizontal section of the valves of Fig. 48 showing the construction thereof;

Figs. 50 and 51 are fragmentary views in side elevation on the line 50-50 of Fig. 48, illustrating one of the valves in open and closed'positions respectively;

Figs. 52 and '53 are diagrammatic views substantially in transverse vertical section illustrating the forming of an article according to a process wherein the rnozzle isintroduced a substantial distance into the mold until the lower end thereof approaches the lower end of the mold;

Fig. 54 is a fragmentary detail view in perspective and with parts broken away and in section showing the mouth ring with aiseparate nipple threaded therein to assist in forming the neck on an article and in severing it from the plastic material within the nozzle;

Figs. 55, 56, 57 and58 are a series of diagrammatic figures, all substantially in central vertical section, showing various steps in the process of forming an article hollow body of plastic material from the nozzle into the mold and expanding this body in the by extruding a closed-ended mold while the nozzle is gradually withdrawn therefrom;

Fig. 59 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view substantially in central vertical section, illustrating the parting or severance of the plastic material forming an article from that within the nozzle;

Fig. 60 is a view substantially in side elevation illustrating a takeout mechanism for removing bottles from the body portions of the molds of the machine shown in the previous figures;

Fig 61 is a view substantially in plan of the device of Fig. 60;

Fig. 62 is a view principally in side elevation of the device of Fig. 60, certain parts lbeing omitted for clearness, showing bottle reaming means associated with the takeout device;

Fig. 63 is a fragmentary view substantially in side elevation of a drive mechanism which may be used to drive the takeout and reamingdevice of Fig. 60 from the forming machine of the previous figures;

Fig. 64 is a fragmentary view substantially in plan of the parts shown in Fig. 63;

Fig. 65 is a fragmentary detail view taken substantially on the line 65-65 of'Fig. 63 showing the common drive shaft and certain related parts in end elevation;

Figs. 66, 67 and 68 are views from different sides of the takeout means of Figs. 60 and 61 and showing the tongs or bottle gripping means and the mechanism by which this means is operated to grasp the bottles or other articles resiliently;

Figs. 69 and 70 lare fragmentary detail Views in elevation and plan respectively of the cam means for opening the bottle gripping means to release articles held therein, the latter being a view as seen from the line 10-10 of Fig. 62;

Fig. 71 is a fragmentary detail view principally in elevation and with parts broken away showing the construction and operationof the reaming means associated with the takeout device;

Fig. 72 is a view principally in transverse radial section showing the reaming means of Fig. 71, certain parts being illustrated as seen substantially on the line 'I2-12 of Fig. 71;

Fig. 73 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view principally in transverse section, showing one of the rotating reaming or neck finishing devices and its mounting; and

Fig, 74 is a view in transverse section on the line 'I4-14 of Fig. 73.

The apparatus of the present invention may be used in conjunction with many different types of materials. In fact, the only limitation which need be placed upon thepresent invention from the point of view of the type of material is that the material be workable by the apparatus disclosed. The appended claims are to be construed accordingly. Many of the claims recite the material to be worked on as organic plastic material which may be expanded by blowing and is thereafter capable of being rigidied. This is intended to include both thermoplastic and thermosetting types of materials and/or mixtures thereof with each other or with other material, such as plasticizers, fillers, resins, high and/or low boiling solvents, etc. Certain subject matter, including for example the means for opening and closing and moving the molds hereinafter described, is adapted to be used with many other types of plastic materials, some of which are of inorganic nature, for example, glass. 4

Furthermore, the term blowing is used hereinafter and in the claims to designate the expansion of hollow articles by the internal applivlcation offluid pressure thereto. This term is to be construed broadly to include both gaseous and liquid pressure. 'I'he intended scope of other expressions will be brought out throughout the specification and will be apparent from the appended claims. l

While there is shown for purposes of illustration of the present invention a rotary type machine wherein a mold carrier is arranged for rotation about a horizontal axis, many, if not all, of the principles of the present invention may be employed in rotary type machines, whether intermittently or continuously rotated, and wherein the mold carriers are pivoted about vertical or otherwise disposed axes. y

Furthermore, there is illustrated in the present case a continuously rotating machine yin lwhich a single set of extrusion nozzles operates in con` junction with the machine by oscillating to move with each set of molds in succession and thereafter to return to cooperate with the next set of molds. However, if desired, an extrusion nozzle may be provided for each mold and arranged to move therewith in the rotation of the mold carrier. These and other alternatives fairly coming within the scope of the appended claims are to be considered as `included in the present invention.

General arrangements Referring now to the accompanying drawings and particularly Figs. l, 2 and 3 thereof, the machine chosen for illustration in the present application comprises a base I supporting a pair of similar side frame members 2. The members 2 are provided with suitable bearings 3, Fig.` 3, in which is mounted a transverse shaft 4. The shaft 4 mayl be stationary and provided at its ends with suitable nuts 5 threaded on the shaft 4 and secured in a fixed position thereon by key members 8, Fig. 3.

On the shaft 4 is pivotedv a main rotatable carrier comprising a pair of disk-like members 1 which are secured together as hereinafter set' forth and are arranged for free rotary movement about the shaft 4. Carried by the rotary carrier comprising the disk members 1 are a plurality of I groups of molds 8, each group in the present instance comprising three molds, the several mold groups serving to tie together the disk-like members 1.

Supported by the side frame members 2 are upwardly extending bracket members 9 which may be connected together at their upper ends, as shown at I0, Fig. 2, this connection as shown supporting a supply chamber for plastic material, here illustrated as a double-walled tank II.

Plastic material of any suitable nature may be 0 contained within the tank II and may be maintained therein at a desired temperature as by means of a temperature controlling fluid flowing through the space between the double walls of the tank II, Fig. 1.

Also arranged for rotation about the axis of the shaft 4 is a nozzle supporting structure or yoke member I2, which is generally U-shaped and is arranged with bearing portions I3 embracing the shaft 4; The structurel! carries a plas- 70 tic material measuring chamber shown in Figs.

32 and 33 and also carries a series of extrusion nozzles, similar in number and arrangement to the number and arrangementof the molds in each mold group 8 and arranged to cooperate 15 successively with each group of molds during a time the mold carrier and the yoke I2 are lockedtogether, as hereinafter set forth, the yoke I2 returning after a predetermined period of movement with the mold` carrier to-cooperate wit the next succeeding group of molds. All the'operations of the `apparatus are coordinated in proper sequence and all are driven from the rotation of the 4mold carrier. The drive for the mold carrier is not illustrated herein, but may be of any conventional type. As shown, Figs. 1, 2, and 63 to 65, the edge portions of the disks l are provided with outwardly turned flange portions. best shown in Fig. 64, these portions carrying large gear rings I4 having Vteeth directed both inwardly and peripherally. Any suitable driving means may be provided meshing with the teeth of the gear rings I4. Preferably this drive should cooperate with the gear rings associated with both the disk members 1, so as to have a. uniform drive without putting undue strain on the parts connecting the disks 1, as hereinafter set forth.

The several phases of the machine and their construction and operation will be taken up hereinafter in separate sections.

Mold construction, mounting and operation While three molds are shown in each mold group 8, it is contemplated that any number, in cluding one, of such molds may be provided for each group and operate in the same way, the only difference being as to the width of the machineA or the axial dimension of the mold carrier including the disk members 1.

Each mold group 8 is mounted in a transversely extending mold carrying member or bracket I5, Figs. 4 to 13 inclusive. This bracket is pivotally connected at its opposite ends with the disk members 1 of the rotary carrier and serves to connect these two disk members. For this purpose the member I5 is provided with pintle portions I6 journaled in the disk members 1, Figs.y 5 and 10.

Turning now to Figs. 14 and 15, wherein the molds are shown in side elevation and to Figs. 55 to 58'showing the molds in central vertical section, each mold comprises a substantially unitary body mold portion I1, a split or partible neck mold I8 and a substantially unitary mouth ring I9. The body mold portions I1 of the molds of each group 8 are mounted on a common transversely extending supporting bar 20, Figs. l0 to 13. At its ends the bar 20 is provided with laterally extending bracket portions 2 I, each of which carries rigid therewith a pin 22 journaled in upstanding end portions 23 of the supporting bracket I5. The axes of the pins 22 are aligned and parallel with that of the pintles I6. neck moldsv I8 are formed in split, mating or complementary portions, best shown in Fig. 12, and

' are pivoted at 24 to a transverse neck mold carrying bar 25, the ends of which are formed with slide members 26, Fig. 5, which are received in grooves in the upstanding portions 23 of the bracket I5. The neck molds are thus mounted for opening and closing movement and in addition for a sliding movement in a direction axial of the mold at the closed position thereof, as seen in Fig. 11.

The mouth rings I9 are all mounted on a common transverse supporting bar 21, which is provided at suitable points, as adjacent to the ends thereof, with bosses 28 in-each of which is secured a guide rod 29 extending into a suitable bore formed in a part of the bar 25 parallel with the guides 26 and' with the longitudinal axis of Thethe mold when closed. Thus, the mouth rings are mounted for sliding movement in a direction axial of the mold with and with respect to the neck molds.

During the forming of an article in each mold and for the major portion of the rotation of the mold carrier, the molds are closed and are positioned as shown for example in Figs. 1, 10 and 1l, so that the molds and their brackets I5 are substantially radially disposed in respect to the mold carrier with the neck openings of the molds outermost. As the molds approach the takeout position, which is at the left side of Fig. 1 about half way up, the several mold parts just described are moved so as to open the molds to leave the completed articles in the body portions .I1 thereof and to present the articles neck' outermost. 'I'hus the neck portions of the articles are easily accessible for removal from the molds by any suitable means, as that shown in Figs. to 74 inclusive. Many different types of mechanisms could be provided for operating the mold parts in the several ways hereinafter set forth to eifect the desired results. The mechanism shown in the drawings by way of illustration will now be described.

As shown in Figs. 4 to 10 inclusive, a mechanism is provided for controlling the several mold movements in response to the rotation of the carrier from a single stationary cam shown in Fig. 1 and'hereinafter described, the same mechanism here shown being provided at each end of the mold carrier bracket I5, although one of these mechanisms may be dispensed with in case of relatively narrow mold carriers. However, inasmuch as these mechanisms are substantial duplicates of each other, only one will be described.

In moving from the forming position to the takeout position, one operation is to rotate the brackets I5 with respect to the mold carrier from a substantially radial position, Figs. 1, 6 and 10, to a substantially tangential position, Figs. 4, 5, 8 and 13, in the present case the rotation being approximately 90 clockwise, as seen in Fig. 1. For this purpose, means are provided for effecting the rotation of the brackets I5 in response to the continuous rotation of the mold carrier and particularly in response to a stationary cam.

The mold carrier I5 is provided with a curved rack 30 secured thereto in any suitable manner, as by bolts 3|, Fig. 4. The rack 30 is concentric with the axis of the pintle I6. Meshing with the rack 30 is a pinion 32, Fig. 5, mounted on a short shaft 33 which is secured in the disk 1. Also mounted on the shaft 33 and secured to the pinion 32 by a sleeve 34 is a pinion 35. Meshing with the pinion 35 is an intermediate gear 36 rotatable about a shaft 31 secured in the disk 1; and meshing with the gear 36 is another intermediategear 38 rotatable about a. shaft 38, also secured in the disk 1. 'I'he gear 38 meshes with a gear 40, which is mounted on a sleeve 4I concentric with the pintle I6. The gear 40 also meshes with the internally directed teeth of a rack 42 forming a part of a frame member 43 which is secured to a shaft 44 journaled in the disk 1. On the opposite side of the disk 1 the shaft 44 has secured thereto a crank arm 45 carrying at its outer end a cam roller 46. which is arranged to move in a closed cam track 41, Figs. 1 and 4 to 13 inclusive. The cam track 41 is formed on a plate 48 which is carried by brackets 49, Fig. 2, from the supports 2 of the machine.

Thus, the shape of the cam track 41iwill be effective through the mechanism described to rotate the mold support I5 between the position shown in Figs. 6 and 10 wherein the mold support and mold extend radially outwardly of the 5 carrier and the position shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 'wherein the mold support extends substantially tangential to the carrier, :having been rotated through an angle of approximately 90 in a clockwise direction, as seen at the left in Fig. 1. 10

During the rotation aforesaid of the mold supporting bracket I5, it is the purpose of the present mechanism to open the mold and eventually to present the neck portion of an article substantially radially outwardly free of the neck mold 15 and mouth ring. To open the neck mold, it is necessary that the mouth ring I9 and body mold I1 be relatively moved in respect to the neck mold I8 in an axial direction. As shown in Figs. 14

and 15, the neck mold has a depending flange 50 20 which enters a corresponding recess in the body mold I1 and an upper flange 5I, which in the closed position of the mold, Figs. 55 to 58, enters into a corresponding recess in the mouth ring I8. In order to free these parts to permit the 25 opening of the neck mold, the neck mold I8 and the mouth ring I8 are first moved simultaneously and bodily with respect tothe body mold portion I1 in an axial direction, Fig. 14. Subsequent to this, the mouth ring is given a further axial 30 movement in respect to the neck mold, as shown in Fig. 15, to free the flange 5I of the neck mold from the mouth ring. Thereafter the neck mold is opened, in the present instance in response to the relative movement apart of the neck mold 35 and mouth ring, and by mechanism hereinafter to be described. The means for producing these relative axial movements will rst be described.

At their ends the bars 25 and 21 which carry the neck mold and mouth ring respectively are 40 gear 40 in response to the shape of the cam track 50 41, but due to the ratio between the diameters of gears 40 and 35 on the one hand and the pinion 32 and the rack 30 on the other, the cam member 56 will be given a greater angular movement than will the mold support I5 for a given 55 movement of the cam roll 46. 'I'he movement of the cam 56 is substantially from the position shown in Fig. 6 through that shown in Fig. 7 to that shown in Fig. 8. The differential movement between the cam member 56 and the mold 60 support I5 is utilized to effect the axial movement of the neck molds and mouth rings, as will be seen from a consideration of Figs. 6, 7 and 8. From the initial position of the parts shown in Fig. 6 to a time when the cam rolls 52 and 53 65 are substantially at the position A, Fig. 1, in respect to the cam member 56, the neck mold and mouth ring move axially to about the position shown in Fig. 14. Thereafter the neck mold is moved very little in respect to the mold carrier I5 as the roller 52 comes into a substantially constant radius portion of the cam track 54. However, the roller 53 moves through a constantly increasing radius portion of the cam track 55 and thus causes a separation of the neck 75 

